Some friends have asked me what places in the Westminster Standards I feel are necessary for PC advocates to take an exception to. It is quite a long list, actually, because it is not merely the age of the participant that is important, but also how the people have to partake of the Lord's Supper. So, here are the places I feel it is necessary for a PC advocate to take an exception (although almost none of them take an exception to these places).

WCF 27.3 tells us that the grace is not conferred by any power in the sacrament itself (even rightly used!). Rather, it depends on the work of the Spirit that brings with it the promise of benefit to worthy receivers. The definition of worthy receivers is plain elsewhere in the standards.

WCF 29.7 also says "worthy receivers." Worthy receivers cannot be ignorant or in flagrant sin, according to other parts of the WS. In the same section, it also says "(Christ as) really, but spiritually, present to the faith of believers in that ordinance." This implies that He is not present to those who have no faith. Now, I think it is possible for an infant to have a seed faith and be regenerated from the womb. But I do not think we can assume that. The PC position argues that Christ is present even to the ignorant.

WCF 29.8 says that ignorant and wicked men do NOT receive the thing signified. Paedo-communion requires the exact opposite with regard to the ignorant, because infants are presumably ignorant of what the Sacrament means. In the same section, it also says that all ignorant persons are unfit to enjoy communion with Him, and they are not to be admitted to the Table.

WLC 168: basically, this entire question and almost every part of it is set against the PC position. 1. Again, the language of "worthily communicate" rules out infants here. 2. "have their union and communion with him confirmed" means that their union and communion have to have at least some visible signs exhibited previously to their participation, or else the elders cannot fence the table. 3. "testify and renew their thankfulness" implies an active thanksgiving, impossible for an infant. 4. "mutual love and fellowship" also has to do with an active (in the context everything is active, not passive) expression, not an ignorant expression of love.

WLC 169: the confession obviously interprets 1 Corinthians 11:24 in an active remembering sense when it says "in thankful remembrance." This cuts quite against the normal PC interpretation of the passage which says that the Supper itself is a memorial, and there is no need of active remembrance for infants. Given the context of the fact that it is given "to the communicants" (therefore to all of them), it seems to me more than reasonable that this is what it means for all the congregation who participate, and this is how all are to participate.

WLC 170: This question states that the body and blood of Christ are "spiritually present to the faith of the receiver." Given also the key phrase "worthily participate" again in this question and answer, it is apparent that the body and blood of Christ are not present to those with no faith. Again, I do not deny the possibility of some kind of seed faith (although I certainly do not presume regeneration), a more mature faith is definitely in view here. Also in this question it says "while by faith they receive and apply unto themselves Christ crucified, and all the benefits of his death." Can one really receive all these benefits without knowing that they are receiving them?

WLC 171: This entire question has to be ditched by the PC advocate, since absolutely none of this kind of preparation is possible for an infant. There are about 13 distinct acts required in this question, none of which an infant has the ability to perform. The question itself is worded in such a way "they that receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper" to exclude the interpretation that says that only adults have to do this. No, it is all who receive the Lord's Supper that have to do these actions.

WLC 173: Again, this passage tells us that the ignorant are to be kept from the sacrament. It is important to note that ignorance is quite a separate category from "scandalous." I say this because many PC advocates argue that it is a hendiadys: "ignorant scandalousness." But a hendiadys is usually connected by the word "and," not the word "or." Therefore, it is unlikely that that is the case here.

WLC 174: This entire question has to be ditched by the advocates of PC as well. I count 15 distinct actions (again required of ALL those who participate), none of which an infant is able to perform.

WLC 175: Same as 174, with 12 distinct actions required of the participant afterwards, none of which can be performed by an infant.

WLC 177: Now at last we finally get the one place where most PC advocates actually do take an exception, and this is certainly the most obvious place they have to take an exception. "only to such as are of years and ability to examine themselves" certainly rules out the PC position.

WSC 91: this plainly says that the sacraments are only of benefit to those who by faith receive them. Otherwise, they are judgment. This is true both of baptism and of the Lord's Supper.

WSC 96-97: again we have the "worthy participation" language. See the WLC questions above for more detailed argumentation. I believe that all these places are against paedo-communion, because it details exactly how ALL participants are to behave and what they are to do so that they will be participating worthily. In short, it is not just the age of the participants to the Lord's Supper that is at issue. It is also how the Supper is to be taken. In fact, this issue is almost more fundamental, because it actually gets at the very substance of the sacrament itself.

I only want to add one more comment here about ordination of PC advocates, and trust me when I say that I mean no offense to my Baptist brethren here. In the PCA, since we have a different administration of baptism than the Baptists do, it is right and fitting that a Baptist minister should not be ordained in the PCA (or OPC, or any other denomination that practices paedobaptism). This is also true vice versa. Paedobaptists should not be ordained in a Baptist denomination. This is because our honest differences about the Sacrament of baptism are mutually exclusive and would lead to much friction if in the same denomination. We both believe that the other denomination is wrongly administering the Sacraments (although it is primarily an issue of degree, not of the mode itself). This does not mean that we should "unchurch" the other opinion. It does mean, however, that we must (normally) worship apart for the very sake of unity.

My point is this: if advocates of the WCF will not ordain a Baptist minister in their denomination, then why should we ordain PC advocates in our denomination? PC, according to advocates of the WCF, is an equal and opposite error (sort of a mirror-image error, actually, if you think about it) to credo-baptism. If we would not ordain credo-baptists in the PCA, then why should we ordain PC advocates? Both positions are equally against the Westminster Standards. Why, therefore, does the PCA and OPC somehow view PC as somehow more confessional, or at least less anti-confessional than credo-baptism is? It cannot be covenantalism, since there are plenty of non-dispensational Baptists out there who love covenant theology (even if we believe they do not apply it consistently). This is why I will never vote to ordain a PC advocate in my Presbytery.

__________________
Rev. Lane Keister
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Good observation. Thanks.

__________________
Albert, The Republic of the Philippines
Pasig United Covenant Reformed Church (a Reformed church plant)
United Covenant Reformed Churches in the Philippines (UCRCP)
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Lane, no offense taken by this Baptist brother.

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Elder
Reformed Baptist
Maryland

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One possibly off-topic question. Would the WCF then be construed to teach that the 'mentally incompetant' should be barred from the table?

__________________
Brad
Member- Eagle Heights PCA
Winchester, VA

Pro 16:33 The lot is cast into the lap; but the whole disposing thereof is of the LORD.

Isa 8:20 To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.

The question is debated, Brad. Obviously, no one wants to be unkind to the elderly Alzheimer's patients. It might be argued that elderly folks do know what the Lord's Supper means, and are therefore in a different position from infants. However, on the reverse side, it could also be argued that unless a person is with it at the time, they will not receive the benefit. I agree with the latter position. At the same time, great care and caution must be exercised to make sure that we do not unnecessarily take people away from the table.

OK, so what are the criteria that establishes that a person is 'with it'?

I personally find myself to be minimally more 'mentally competent' (if at all) than an Alzheimer's patient or an infant when I think of my condition before the God who holds all the universe together.

What about Downs Syndrome brothers?

Hey Lane,

Since it's being debated in my denomination - Have you got anything like this in a Three Forms of Unity flavor?

__________________
Steve Butts - Former SBC-er
Three Forms of Unity - Bradenton CRCNA - Bradenton, Florida
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"Turning away to false Theology is equal to turning away to false gods" — Francis Schaeffer (Death in the City)

What, if I may be permitted to ask, is the benefit that is alleged for those who are in these categories? Does the Supper "work" somehow when faith is not actively engaged by the participant? If we say "yes", then we are adopting a Romanist stance toward the sacrament.

As a Parent, would you allow your Downs Syndrome child (say, age 29) to ride on "Space Mountain" if you had reason to question a) his ability to "get with" the ride, or b) his safety, for any reason?

Just because you plan to ride it, and perhaps he wants to "be with you," and participate--are those reasons "enough" to permit, no even to INSIST, on putting him on that ride?

Taking Communion is an act of discipline. So is barring a person. If a person isn't even capable of understanding what we're doing, it is not a "censure" simply to wait--until heaven, perhaps--before this person will be in a position to fully participate (for the first time, or again after a while).

Supposing the person was once able to understand, but has lost the ability? I imagine maintaining for a while his participation would be a good thing. But once again, at some point, "parental" shepherding must take over from our sentimental attitudes.

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Good sirs,

I see where the Confessions deal with the idea of "Worhty Receivers." I certainly affirm the WCF in all of it's greatness and accuracy but again, there are weakness in many confessions we all adhere to. So I don't understand where they received the concept of a "Worthy Receiver" when all are unworthy except by Grace. Thus, if it is Grace Alone (A Sola) then how must then we appreciate the absolute Truth that it is indeed by Grace Alone we can approach the table with a clear conscience as long as we (emphasis on we/Church) are not in the same sin Paul accursed the entire Church of Corinth of.

Was Judas a worthy receiver at the institution of the Supper? The Lord said he was a Devil yet he still received.

If Repentance is not necessary for the child before Baptism (An anabaptist argument) then why must the child repent/examine him/herself before the Table Christ welcomes all who are in Covenant with him to?

I am certainly open to correction on this issue. Ordination of Eldership is definately up to one's personal convictions. I for one would never vote for an Elder who is not married with Children. Or an Elder who has been divorced, especially not one who is remarried. All that the WCF allot for. Therefore, again, the confessions imo have their limitations and are to be used as a Guide. Yet to use them as Dogma in questionable or at least debate worthy instances is unfair imo.

I mean, the first time I said PC I was hit with the agrument of CALVIN DISAGREES WITH YOU. Okay, I disagree with Calvin on a few things as well. The Perpetual Virginity of Mary is one of many. So again, I don't advocate starting a rebellion but dialogue. If that's not attainable then I'll just keep my mouth shut on here.

Grace and Peace,
seal

__________________
seal
Laymen/Christian Producer/Rapper
RCA, Tampa FL

One caution to either side of the discussion: always be very careful when converting an adverb (ἀναξίως) into an adjective (ἀνάξιος). Whereas the adverb expresses the quality of the action, the adjective expresses the quality of the actor.

__________________
Lance G. Marshall
Pastor
Georgetown, Indiana

The confession is not used to settle debates beyond what is allowable in our churches who have subscribed the same. We refer to them because we believe they are faithful to the scriptures.

The argument against any being worthy receivers is facile and a mere sophistry, though I do assume you do not intend it as such. "Worthy" is a word with multiple meanings, and we need to understand in which sense it is being used.

Baptism and the Supper are not the same thing, and are dispensed upon different grounds. Regarding the Supper, we have the clear scriptural testimony that a recipient is to examine themselves; baptism comes with no such requirement in scripture.

Also, regarding paedocommunion being the practice of the church for eight or ten centuries, one of our own PB Members, Matthew Winzer, has written an article which I would encourage you to read.

__________________
Paul Korte
OPC
Flint, MI

They who perceive in themselves discoveries of the divine goodness, so full and absolutely perfect, and who make them the subject of earnest meditation, will never embrace new doctrines, by which the very grace they feel so powerfully in themselves is thrown into the shade. --John Calvin

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See "The True History of Paedo-Communion," The Confessional Presbyterian 3 (2007) 27-36. Issues available at The Confessional Presbyterian

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Does Judas Iscariot fit either?

-----Added 6/16/2009 at 02:23:49 EST-----

Good sir,

An understandable rebuttal. However, please call my attention to where I asserted that baptism and communion are the samething. Indeed, they are the two sacraments recognized by the Church (Non Catholic) but I would never say they are the samething. However, I do believe we are warranted by Scripture to administer the sacrament to all participants of the Covenant. If our children are not participants in the Covenant (We can certainly hass out what it means to be a participant of the Covenant) then what are they?

If examining is a requirement to partake in the Sacrament of Communion then what is the person to examine themselve of is the question that needs to be answered. Also, I'd like to also add whom that person could be representing. Here is where the topic is quite up in the air. Does a man represent his household or does the house hold members represent themselves? Where did the discontinuity come from here? Very good questions to a healthy and edifying discussion.

Grace and Peace,
seal

Seal,

In lieu of engaging in this line of questioning at the present time, I would very much encourage you read the article above; and to also check out from the library Venema's recent book, Children at the Lord's Table? It may be found here. That will be a good place to start understanding the Reformed (read: Biblical) answer to PC; and if after doing so there are still aspects of our practice and belief which are still unclear, many will be more than pleased to help.

Thanks, Bruce, for an honest and reasonable answer. I'd rather hear that than some of the waffling I've heard in the past about mental capacity.

In the past I was pretty much convinced of PC, but determined to submit to my Elders. In recent years I have been mulling the distinction between baptism and the supper; that one is done to the believer whereas the other is done by the believer. I haven't hashed out all the ramifications (I can be pretty slow), but am tending more towards credo-communion.

Thank you Good sir. I'll definately take a look and may order the book. I'm certainly as stubborn as an ox in my beliefs but I'm much more of a searcher for Truth than a one settled in my own. So, the reformed answer to PC is a bit of a jump for a practice found within the Church many of us would say had at least somethings right.

Thus perhaps a Critical analysis to PC would be better verbiage imo. If one were to stick consistently with Reformed not including PC then good bye Luther for transubstantiation view of the supper...imo...

Grace and Peace,
seal

Luther's not Reformed. He had an incorrect view of the Lord's Supper, and of baptism, and connected with this he also denied the perseverance of the saints. On these issues arose (for the most part, RPW and other issues notwithstanding) the divide between Lutherans and the Reformed.

__________________
Todd K. Pedlar
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Just to clarify, a downs syndrome person may be able to read books at a second or third grade level and many can certainly understand being a sinner who needs a saviour, and also needs the body of Christ.

I understand the point being made, but please do not randomly apply it to downs syndrome. Such persons are not necessarly ignorant or vegetative or without a love of God and the church. They may be of far sweeter and purer temperment than all the other adults taking communion.

If you want to really throw gas on the fire, lets talk about people on psych drugs that in addition to dulling anxiety and depression, also dull the conscience. Do you really want a dulled conscience at the supper? Can such a person truly judge themselves? Where are you going to draw lines? I've been in churches with scores of folks on antidepressants, whose mood is mellowed but whose underlying (understandable due to childhood rape) anger or unforgiveness or whatever has not been even remotely dealt with. I'd sooner have a child take it than some of the women I've known on SSRIs. Just my opinion.

__________________
Lynnie

PCA

Central NJ

Well from the Presby's I've been around Luther was the spark of the Reformation though he had sparks before him. He was the hinge of the swing. I agree that Luther wouldn't be considered reformed but shouldn't we give ear to all beliefs on the spectrum of Sola Scriptura from which Luther comprised. Many Lutherans don't even hold consistent to the Book of Concord especially when it comes to the Doctrine of Justification.

I will always consider Luther a Reformer and you'd be the first one I know to deny he was a reformer. Maybe not reformed in our stricter sense of the term but certainly a reformer.

Calvin's ecclessiology was very unreformed in our sense but he gets the Label.


Grace and Peace,
seal

-----Added 6/16/2009 at 04:05:24 EST-----

If you think that's fire on the Gas. What about Pregnant mothers or Nursing mothers? Should they be excluded from communion?

I Love responses to this question. Always entertaining...LOL...

Grace and Peace,
seal

It would help if you listened to what I said: "Luther isn't Reformed".

That's a very different thing than saying he's not a reformer, which he clearly was.

I also beg to differ on Calvin's ecclesiology - I don't know where you get the idea that his ecclesiology was unreformed.

At any rate, none of this has much to do with the question at hand. PC is distinctly out of bounds according to the Westminster Standards (as would transubstantiation be, or dispensational premillenialism, or a host of other ideas). We who subscribe to these confessions hold them to teach accurately the doctrines found in Scripture - and when ideas like PC explicitly contradict the Standards, it is not because the Standards are a golden calf, but because they accurately teach what Scripture teaches. PC fails that test, and as Lane has pointed out, requires a HUGE set of exceptions to the Standards.

[quote=toddpedlar;637082]

Quote:

Originally Posted by sealdaSupralapsarian Quote: Originally Posted by toddpedlar Luther's not Reformed. He had an incorrect view of the Lord's Supper, and of baptism, and connected with this he also denied the perseverance of the saints. On these issues arose (for the most part, RPW and other issues notwithstanding) the divide between Lutherans and the Reformed. Well from the Presby's I've been around Luther was the spark of the Reformation though he had sparks before him. He was the hinge of the swing. I agree that Luther wouldn't be considered reformed but shouldn't we give ear to all beliefs on the spectrum of Sola Scriptura from which Luther comprised. Many Lutherans don't even hold consistent to the Book of Concord especially when it comes to the Doctrine of Justification. I will always consider Luther a Reformer and you'd be the first one I know to deny he was a reformer. Maybe not reformed in our stricter sense of the term but certainly a reformer. Calvin's ecclessiology was very unreformed in our sense but he gets the Label. Grace and Peace, seal

Quote:

It would help if you listened to what I said: "Luther isn't Reformed".

Okay if he's a Reformer then he must be Reformed then. You would have to show where you can be one without the other. Many Reformers have snatched the Reformed semantic away from Baptist since they are more Calvinistic than Reformed in our since. I would think you'd have to do the same thing to Luther.

Quote:

I also beg to differ on Calvin's ecclesiology - I don't know where you get the idea that his ecclesiology was unreformed.

Hmmm.... Do you believe that Lawyers and Doctors are offices of the Church??? If you do, where is that in the Confessions or Church book of Order?

Quote:

PC is distinctly out of bounds according to the Westminster Standards (as would transubstantiation be, or dispensational premillenialism, or a host of other ideas).

So is PostMill, Theonomy, and Supralapsarianism.... Do I guess I'm way out....LOL...

Quote:

We who subscribe to these confessions hold them to teach accurately the doctrines found in Scripture - and when ideas like PC explicitly contradict the Standards, it is not because the Standards are a golden calf, but because they accurately teach what Scripture teaches.

So do you agree with everything taught in the WCF?

Quote:

PC fails that test, and as Lane has pointed out, requires a HUGE set of exceptions to the Standards.

So should one be booted if they believe in Theonomy? Or what about Elders being Married with Children before being considered for the Office? These are just a few. And if you believe that these people aren't thrown out by the confessions what gives you the premise to say that PC should be.

Grace and Peace,
seal

I have a special needs child who at age 5 clearly shows an interest in Christ and a great love for the church. Should he continue on a similar trajectory, I would have great confidence in his going before the session to be examined for communicant membership when he is older.

__________________
JWithnell
Member Bethel OPC
Virginia
http://learningyesican.blogspot.com/

Sorry, you're incorrect in that. The terminology that is commonly used
is that Lutherans derive their theology and practice from Luther/Melancthon,
and Reformed derive theirs from Calvin and his direct followers and
associates. You might not like the terminology, but it is what it is - and the
onus is on you to prove the contrary position. Sorry about that.

Seal, I appreciate your zeal, but there are quite a few historical misunderstandings floating around. First, the distinction between the Lutheran and Reformed branches of the reformation is almost as old as the Reformation itself; there were major political and theological conflicts between the Lutheran and Reformed. This is not something up for question. It's basic fact.

Technically, if you want to push the point, check out the Directory for Publick Worship for mention of the Doctor.

Supralapsarianism is not out of bounds according to the standards; one has even recently argued in an article that they are implicitly supralapsarian according to the model of Samuel Rutherford, though this certainly up for debate. Either way, they avoid explicit statements on the lapsarian issue. Also, Postmillenialism is allowable by the Confession. Do not take this in a condescending manner, but it seems there are a few basic things you may need to learn about both what the Westminster Standards teach, and what they are designed to do and be.

I of course cannot speak for Todd, but yes, I fully subscribe the 1647.

Finally, there are Theonomists on the board; at least Reformed denomination interprets the Confession (though I believe wrongly) to be Theonomic. Some issues are more antithetical to Reformed theology and piety than others: PaedoCommunion is deemed one of them.

One can be Reformed without holding to the Ecclesiology of the Westminster Standards. It might do to study some history of the Reformation and the various branches of the Reformed churches before making statements as you have above. You also should study the Westminster Standards and do a search for "Doctor".


I don't know where you get the idea that any of these positions contradict the
Westminster Standards.

Yes, I do.

I've already mentioned this above. I don't think theonomy is a contradiction of the standards, and even if it is, it is not the same as PC, which requires a WHOLESALE different understanding of the covenant and the sacraments. The differences associated with the PC position are essentially the same as the differences Baptists would hold with respect to the Westminster Standards - they are VERY different (which is why the Baptists have a different confessional standard).

Frankly, I just think that's a strange opinion, but nothing to worry about with respect to the confessional standards.

Never said that PC'ists should be thrown out. I am arguing that they should recognize that their position contradicts the standards, and (on this board at least) be willing to not promote it. The PCA allows elders to hold to PC, but they may not teach the position. We have the same kind of policy here for it and other significant exceptions to the Standards.

Where am I insisting anything about the liberal Lutherans of today and who they follow? I'm only dealing with statement of Luther being a Reformer but not Reformed. How is that not a contradiction? So it begs the question of who follows who. What is reformed and what is a reformer?

Did you miss my other questions to you?

Do you agree with the entire WCF?

Are Theonomist, Post Mill, and Supra's out since the Confessions teach otherwise?

Do you believe that Lawyers and Doctors should hold an office in the Church as Calvin?



Grace and Peace,
seal

-----Added 6/16/2009 at 04:37:48 EST-----

Goodsir Todd,

Please hit me up on PM so we can continue this discussion. I don't want to violate what has been asked of me. Thanks for the dialogue. I believe there is much learning I can do from your points.

Grace and Peace,
seal

[quote=sealdaSupralapsarian;637097]Reformed is simply the terminology used to describe the branch of the church that participated in the Reformation but do not follow Luther. These include Calvin, Zwingli, Bullinger, etc. It is terminology we have to deal with, and by historical definition there is nothing we can do about the fact that not all those we'd call "Reformers" are to be considered "Reformed" - it's no slight on Luther, it's just a fact of the words and what they have historically meant. At one time, anyone who had broken from the RC church was referred to as "Lutheran", but it should be recognized by you and everyone that we can't therefore simply refer to Calvinists as "Lutherans" (despite the fact that they were known as Lutheran long before they were ever called Calvinist (or Reformed, for that matter!)

Check your PM box...

Sir, many will dispute your assumption here. If infants did not actually partake of the Passover meal in the OT (which you seem to deny), then there is no reason to find any "discontinuity" in the NT. It doesn't exist. That is, if the Passover meal was originally eaten only by people who could examine themselves and understand the meaning of the sacrament (Exodus 12:26, 43-48; Numbers 9:1-14; Deuteronomy 16:1-8; 2 Chronicles 30:1-8), and if the Lord's Supper has come in place of the Passover, then the Lord's Supper is only for those who can examine themselves and discern the Lord's body and blood (1 Cor. 11:27-30). There is no discontinuity in the first place. Wasn't this the pattern followed by Christ and His apostles themselves? Christ instituted the Lord's Supper during the Feast of Unleavened Bread/Passover and there were no women and children with them (Luke 22:1ff.). Unless the paedocommunist argument begs the question, he must first prove from the Passover passages that infants did partake of the Passover meal. If the controversy is to be examined from a thoroughly covenantal perspective, then it is the paedocommunist who must assume the burden of proof as to whether the partaking of the Passover meal in the OT included infants.

What I am saying is that some Reformed scholars (notably Francis Nigel Lee and Richard Bacon) will not concede the point that infants partook of the Passover Meal in Exodus 12. There is simply no conclusive evidence from the passage. Moreover, roasted lamb, unleavened bread, and wine do not appear to be suitable food for babies. (Wine for nursing infants?) I notice that some anti-paedocommunist Reformed theologians have taken a quite different approach in the reading of Exodus 12. But in any case, both groups of scholars have arrived at the conclusion that the Bible does not teach paedocommunion and that the Reformed confessions therefore have been correct in rejecting this dangerous practice.

When I did my lectures critiquing paedocommunion from the subject of institutional passover, I argued two points against paedocommunion...1. There is no solid proof that infants or women actually partook of the 1st passover. 2. Either way, it provides little proof for the issue of who was to partake of the institutional passover. The repeated examples and inferences that it was only adult males who partook of the institutional passover are numerous.

If anyone is interested, the lectures are available for free on sermon audio...

SermonAudio.com - Anti-Paedocommunion - The Significance of Passover (Sacraments Series - Part 6)

SermonAudio.com - Anti-Paedocommunion - 1 Corinthians 11:17-34 (Sacraments Series 7)

The first demonstrates that only adult males partook of the institutional passover and the later is a direct response the the paedocommunion interpretation of 1 Corinthians 11.

[quote=A.J.;637404]

__________________
Robert Truelove
Pastor
Christ Reformed Church
Lawrenceville, GA

A point of information: Does the issue of paedocommunion concern only infants or does it include children (e.g., a 7 year old)?

Dr. Francis Nigel Lee deals with that in Paedocommunism Versus Protestantism: Why Baptized Children Need Catechizing Before First Communing Not Prior To Puberty. See especially his citation of Samuel Miller and John Gill.

Thank you for the link. It seemed the focus was on infants in the above postings and I wanted to be sure the discussion wasn't just about infants.

Here:

George Gillespie: Did Judas Partake of the Lord's Supper

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Rehoboth Reformed Church (RCUS)
La Habra, CA

"Ignorance of this distinction between Law and Gospel is one of the principal sources of the abuses which corrupted and still corrupt Christianity." - Calvin's successor


"By the words of the law man is admonished and taught, not what he can do, but what he ought to do. How is it that you theologians are twice as stupid as schoolboys, in that as soon as you get hold of a single imperative verb you infer an indicative meaning...?"
-Martin Luther, The Bondage of the Will

Original PDF version here:
http://www.thebluebanner.com/pdf/bluebanner10-1.pdf

Isn't that like saying there's no solid proof that same sex marriage wasn't universal? That households consisted of only adult men, and that I have to prove otherwise?

__________________
Tim Vaughan
Member, Redeemer Presbyterian, OPC,
Santa Maria
California

Tim,
I think the point of the poster is that even that point can be disputed, even if the argument isn't particularly strong. The fact that they numbered the "souls" ("persons", above) of the house seems to widen the range of participants, but then it says "according to what each man ("ish") can eat." Is that male reference generic?

At present, I think that the wives did participate, I think the meal was prepared simply on the basis of whichever adults in the house could eat of it. But this would exclude any youth not prepared to take that kind of nourishment.

It isn't established conclusively that women participated in the First Passover. The Ex.12 passage stresses the requirement of circumcision. The Memorial Passover is where we see a quite literal application of this limitation, both in the statements respecting who may/must participate (adult males), as well as the most explicit examples--the best known which is the final Passover Jesus celebrated. Not a single woman present.

From what Lane has pointed out, it would appear that Reformed paedobaptists and Reformed credobaptists have more in common than Reformed Presbys and PC Presbys.

It seems to me a Reformed credobaptist would only be required to take exceptions to the following.

Possibly 7:5,6
Possibly 27:1 (Sign and 'seals')
28:1,5,6

(Most credobaptists would take exception to WCF 31, but that is a separate issue.)

__________________


http://www.villagecommunitychurch.org/


"Preparing a sermon is like cooking a meal. You need pots and pans and utensils, but you don't bring them out to the table where people are eating." Derek Thomas


Click to get: Board Rules -- Signature Requirements -- Suggestions?

To add another ...

As a teaching elder in an elder governed, independent church, I would not allow a paedocommunion exception from an officer candidate. When all is put on the table, I think there are far less problems (both systematically, and practically) with allowing a credo-baptist exception than one for paedocommunion.

This is rather frustrating to me. Presbyteries that will allow an exception for paedocommunion but not credo-baptism. I'm not saying they should necessarily allow a credo-baptism exception but if they are going to allow for paedocommunion, why on earth not allow the former as well?