1. Hagar: "Do this, and live" a works-covenant, corresponding to the externals of the Mosaic Covenant/Sinai
Sarah: "Sarah shall have a son" a gracious covenant, corresponding to a promise which no part of any later covenant can annul

2. Yes, or more precisely, the burden of the laws of that covenant; for at the heart of that covenant--literally and figuratively--is the Leviticus, the grace to come to God despite the failure to live up to the law. But it is "veiled" (2 Cor 3:15).

3. There is, as I indicated, a "works aspect" to the Mosaic covenant, although fundamentally I would argue that it is an administration of the Covenant of Grace. If you treat it like a Covenant of Works, as the Judaizers did, then you are liable to its judgments. Paul is addressing the Judaizers "as if" they are correct, and showing them they are doomed by focusing on the commandments. Law only commands or condemns. It never saves; it never commends. Rom 10:4 For Christ is the end [telos, goal] of the law unto righteousness to every one that believeth. That verse should serve to show that Paul thought ultimately of Moses' covenant in its proper sense.

4. I think I've actually addressed this somewhat.

hope this is helpful.

__________________
Rev. Bruce G. Buchanan
ChainOLakes Presbyterian Church, CentralLake, MI


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