Quote:
Originally Posted by BertMulder In both Witsius and Brakel (have not read Bavinck or Berkhoff) there are many pointers to later covenant vision by Hoeksema. Such as Brakel's statements of the covenant of grace as a bond of friendship... |
Brother, this is where your argument starts to flounder. Noone is denying that covenant does not possess friendship. Earlier I quoted David Dickson who said that "The Covenanting of God with man, tended of its own nature to man's good and happiness...because a singular respect and honour was put upon man, when he was made a confederate friend of God: for, if it be an honour to a mean and poor man to be joined with a King or Prince in a formal bond of mutual friendship, how much greater honour is it unto man, to be joined in a bond of mutual love and friendship with God?" This is a common theme throughout the Reformed and Puritans.
The difference between these and Hoeksema was not so much what he affirms as what he rejects. The covenant made with Adam was a legal covenant, a covenant of works:
Zacharius Ursinus in his
Commentary on the Heidelberg Catechism: “The doctrine of the church consists of two parts: the Law, and the Gospel, in which we have comprehended the sum and substance of the sacred Scriptures…The duties of the ministers of the church include in general, 1) A faithful and correct exposition of the true and uncorrupted doctrine of the law and gospel, so that the church may be able to understand it”
Zacharius Ursinus in his
Large Catechism: “Question. What is the difference between the law and the gospel? Answer: The law contains the covenant of nature established by God with man in creation; that means, it is known by man from nature, it requires perfect obedience of us to God, and it promises eternal life to those who keep it but threatens eternal punishment to those who do not. The gospel, however, contains the covenant of grace; that means, although it exists, it is not known at all from nature; it shows us Christ’s fulfillment of that righteousness which the law requires, and its restoration in us through Christ’s Spirit; and it promises eternal life freely on account of Christ to those who believe in him.”
Caspar Olevian in his
Ad Romanos Notae: “For this reason the distinction between law and Gospel is retained. The law does not promise freely, but under the condition that you keep it completely. And if someone should transgress it once, the law or legal covenant does not have the promise of the remission of sins. On the other hand, the Gospel promises freely the remission of sins and life, not if we keep the law, but for the sake of the Son of God, through faith.”
Theodore Beza in
The Christian Faith: “We divide this Word into two principal parts or kinds: the one is called the ‘Law,’ the other the ‘Gospel.’ For all the rest can be gathered under the one or other of these two headings…Ignorance of this distinction between Law and Gospel is one of the principal sources of the abuses which corrupted and still corrupt Christianity.”
William Perkins in
The Art of Prophesying: “The basic principle in application is to know whether the passage is a statement of the law or of the gospel. For when the Word is preached, the law and the gospel operate differently. The law exposes the disease of sin, and as a side-effect, stimulates and stirs it up. But it provides no remedy for it. However the gospel not only teaches us what is to be done, it also has the power of the Holy Spirit joined to it….A statement of the law indicates the need for a perfect inherent righteousness, of eternal life given through the works of the law, of the sins which are contrary to the law and of the curse that is due them…. By contrast, a statement of the gospel speaks of Christ and his benefits, and of faith being fruitful in good works."
John Owen: "Man in his creation, with respect unto the ends of God therein, was constituted under a covenant. That is, the law of his obedience was attended with promises and threatenings, rewards and punishments, suited unto the goodness and holiness of God; for every law with rewards and recompenses annexed hath the nature of a covenant."
You say that Brakel's made statements of the covenant of grace as a bond of friendship. So what?
The key disagreement is this:
1. Reformed - covenant is the means by which friendship is established.
2. Hoeksema - covenant is friendship not the means by which friendship is established.