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The Denial of Ultimate Unity. There is also a self-defeating nature to the polytheistic denial of ultimate unity. Everything cannot be radically pluralistic. We live in a uni-verse not a multi-verse. Indeed, the polytheistic position is offered as a unified system of thought. But in presenting a unified thought about ultimate reality, they deny the very philosophy they are advocating. If reality were radically polytheistic we could not even know it. Any claim to know ultimate reality betrays a more basic commitment to a unity of thought that denies the polytheistic view.
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The form of polytheism evaluated here is that nature is made up of divinities because this would define pluralism. However, it is asserted that a pluralistic view cannot be known because it denies unity in thought. If it is self-defeating to deny ultimate unity, then ultimate unity of nature is axiomatic because it is self-evident. In other words, if the indirect proof of ultimate unity assumes the denial of ultimate unity and concludes with a contradiction, then the opposite is true which would occur because it is self-defeating to deny ultimate unity. By advancing that everything cannot be radically pluralistic, it is not the case that some things are radically pluralistic. The ultimate unity of nature is another way of presenting pantheism or monism because unity means that everything is made of the same thing.